Foundation of Group Behavior
Group: two or more individuals interacting and
interdependent, who have come together to achieve particular objectives.
Groups can be either formal or informal.
Formal groups:
- Group defined by organization structure, with designated work assignments establishing tasks.
- Behavior of member is specified and directed towards organizational goals. E.g. flight crew members.
Informal group:
- alliances that is neither formally structured nor organizationally determined.
- These groups are naturally formations in the work environment that appear in response to the need for social contract.
- E.g. employees from different department taking lunch together, play gold together.
Sub-classify Groups:
Formal Group:
- Command group
- Task group
Informal Group
- Interest group
- Friendship group
Command Group:
- A group composed of the individuals who report directly to a given manager.
- Command Group is determined by organization chart
- E.g. school principal and her 18 teacher, HOD and her lecturer.
Task group:
- Those working together to complete a job task.
- Working together to complete a task
- Determined by the organization chart
- Boundaries are not limited to its immediate hierarchical superior. It can cross command relationship.
- E.g. college student accused of a campus crime
- Dean of academics
- Dean of students
- Registrar, director of security
- Student’s supervisor
Command groups are also task group, but task groups are not
command group, because task group may cross command relationship, whereas
command group report to an immediate manager.
Interest Group:
Those working together to attain a specific
objective with which each is concerned.
People who may or may not be aligned into common command
group or task group.
E.g. employees united for improved working conditions, to
support the peer who has been fired.
Friendship Group:
Those brought together because they share
one or more common characteristics.
E.g. similar age , support Mohan Bagaan,, similar political
views, same cast.
(Ref: Organization Behavior- S.P.Robbins)
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