Hierarchy of needs theory: (Abraham Maslow)
There is a hierarchy of five needs: Physical needs, safety
needs, social needs, esteem needs and self-actualization; as each need is
substantially satisfied, the next need become dominant.
Physical Needs: Hunger, thirst, sex and other body needs.
Safety needs: security and protection from physical and
emotional harm.
Social needs: includes friendship, affection, belongingness,
and acceptance.
Esteem Needs:
- Internal esteem: self -respect, autonomy, achievement
- External esteem: status, recognition, attention.
Self- Actualization: the drive to become what one is capable
of becoming. Includes-growth, achieving one’s potential and self-fulfillment.
So if you want to motivate someone, according to Maslow, you
need to understand what level of the hierarchy that person is currently on and
satisfy the needs at or above that level.
Maslow separated the five needs into higher and lower needs.
Lower order needs: physiological and safety needs.
Lower order needs predominantly satisfy externally (by
things like pay, union contracts, tenure)
Higher order needs: higher order needs are satisfied internally
(by within person)
Negative Point (draw back): little evidence that a satisfied
need activate movement to a new level of need.
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